THE GREENER DOLLAR

THE GREENER DOLLAR :

THE 2016 GRAND CHANGE OF THE U.S. COIN & CURRENCY SYSTEM

PROLOGUE

IN AN ERA OF UNPRECEDENTED SCIENTIFIC AND SOCIAL UPHEAVAL, WHERE VIRTUALLY

EVERY FACET OF CONSUMERISM HAS BEEN TOUCHED BY THE CREDIT CARD AND COMPUTER

REVOLUTIONS, ONE KEY COMPONENT OF THIS INTERCHANGE BETWEEN MARKET AND CONSUMER

IN THE UNITED STATES HAS REMAINED VIRTUALLY UNTOUCHED SINCE THE 1960s, REFUSING TO

BE ALTERED IN THE FACE OF INFLATION AND SPURNING ATTEMPTS AT MEANINGFUL REFORM.

SUCH A WHITE ELEPHANT IS THE U.S. RETAIL CASH DRAWER OF THE PRESENT, A STATIC ISLAND

IN THE HURRICANIC GROWTH OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS MADE VIA CREDIT CARDS, COMPUTERS,

AND PHONES. WILL THE UNCHANGING U.S. COIN AND CURRENCY LINEUP GO THE WAY OF THE

DINOSAUR, OR THE DODO ? OR WILL THE NEAR EXTINCTION OF THE CALIFORNIA CONDOR AND

HER SUBSEQUENT RESURRECTION BE THE MORE HOPEFUL AUGURY FOR A PROPOSAL WHICH AIMS

AT NOTHING LESS THAN THE COMPLETE REORGANIZATION OF THE U.S. COIN AND CURRENCY

LINEUP, WITH ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC, AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS ILLUMINATING THE

PATH TOWARDS A GRAND CHANGE WHICH IN THE END WOULD NOT ONLY MAKE TOTAL SENSE,

BUT TOTAL CENTS.

ACTE I - THE GREAT PHASEOUT

" FAITH IS TAKING THAT FIRST STEP, EVEN WHEN YOU DON'T SEE THE WHOLE STAIRCASE "

- MARTIN LUTHER KING JR

IN THE COMPREHENSIVE NATURE OF THE 2016 GRAND CHANGE OF THE U. S. COIN & CURRENCY

SYSTEM, EIGHT U.S. COINS / BILLS WOULD BE PHASED OUT OVER THE COURSE OF THE YEAR, AS

LISTED BELOW :

LINCOLN PENNY

JEFFERSON NICKEL

WASHINGTON QUARTER

KENNEDY HALF DOLLAR

SACAGAWEA DOLLAR

WASHINGTON $1 BILL

HAMILTON $10 BILL

JACKSON $20 BILL

THE PENNY, WHICH CURRENTLY COSTS MORE TO PRODUCE THAN ITS WORTH, HAS LOST MUCH

OF ITS SPENDING VALUE DUE TO INFLATIONARY FORCES. IN ADDITION, THE HIGH ZINC CONTENT

OF CURRENTLY PRODUCED PENNIES ( WHICH ARE 97.5% ZINC ) CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE STOMACH

LINING OF HUMANS ( COINS BEING THE MOST COMMONLY INGESTED FOREIGN BODY IN CHILDREN ) AND

CAN BE FATAL IN DOGS ( WHERE IT COULD CAUSE A SEVERE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA IF SWALLOWED ).

THE PENNY IN 2013 COST 1.8 CENTS TO PRODUCE FOR AN ANNUAL COMBINED LOSS OF $58,000,000.

THE NICKEL, LIKE THE PENNY, HAS LOST MUCH OF ITS FORMER SPENDING VALUE DUE TO

INFLATION. THE NICKEL CURRENTLY COSTS 9.4 CENTS TO PRODUCE AT AN ANNUAL LOSS OF

$51,000,000. PHASEOUT OF THE PENNY AND THE NICKEL CONCURRENTLY WOULD ALLOW FOR

ROUNDING TO THE NEAREST DIME IN CASH TRANSACTIONS.* IN OBSERVING HOW OTHER DEVELOPED

NATIONS HAVE DEALT WITH THE ELIMINATION OF THEIR PENNY, NICKEL, OR BOTH ( INCLUDING

CANADA, WHO RETIRED THEIR PENNY IN 2013 AND ARE CONSIDERING THEIR NICKEL NEXT, AS WELL

AS NEW ZEALAND, WHO ELIMINATED THEIR FIVE - CENT PIECE IN 2006 AFTER ENDING PRODUCTION

OF THEIR PENNY IN 1990 ), THE OPTION TO RETIRE BOTH MONETARY UNITS CONCURRENTLY IS

COMPELLING.

THE QUARTER, ALTHOUGH AN IMPORTANT COIN IN THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES, IS

RIPE FOR REPLACEMENT DUE TO ITS SIMILARITY IN SIZE TO THE DOLLAR COIN, AS WELL AS ITS

BULK RELATIVE TO ITS MODERN VALUE. IN ADDITION, WITH THE DIME NOW DESIGNATED AS THE

LOWEST DENOMINATION U.S. COIN ( IN A WORLD WITHOUT PENNIES AND NICKELS, WHERE CASH

TRANSACTIONS ARE ROUNDED TO THE NEAREST TENTH ), A COIN WORTH THREE TENTHS, OR $0.30,

WOULD OUTPERFORM THE QUARTER IN ALL CHANGE / CASH DRAWER SCENARIOS ( TO BE FURTHER

OUTLINED IN ACTE II ). NEVERTHELESS, WITH THE EXTENSIVE USE OF THE U.S. QUARTER IN

AUTOMATED MACHINES FROM PARKING METERS TO LAUNDROMATS, A LONGER TRANSITION TIME ( OF

NINE YEARS, FROM 2016 - 2024 ) WOULD BE SET IN PLACE TO ALLOW MANUFACTURERS AND

BUSINESSES INVOLVED WITH COIN OPERATED DEVICES AMPLE TIME TO PORT OVER TO THE NEW

COINS IN A MANNER BOTH ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS ( INCLUDING THE RECYCLING OF OLD

MACHINES ) AND ECONOMICALLY SOUND.

THE KENNEDY HALF DOLLAR, NEVER WIDELY USED DUE TO HOARDING AND ITS EARLY HIGH

SILVER CONTENT, HAS BEEN MINTED SINCE 2002 SOLELY FOR COLLECTORS, CEASING TO BE STRUCK

FOR GENERAL CIRCULATION. WITH A FUTURE U.S. COIN BORROWING ITS EXACT DIMENSIONS, ITS

CONTINUED MINTAGE WOULD BE BOTH UNNECESSARY AND POTENTIALLY CONFUSING.

THE SACAGAWEA DOLLAR COIN, IN PRODUCTION SINCE 2000, HAS NEVER BEEN WIDELY USED

DUE TO THE CONTINUED PRESENCE OF THE $1 BILL ; EVERY OTHER DEVELOPED COUNTRY ( FROM

JAPAN TO THE UNITED KINGDOM ) HAS SHOWN THAT THE INTRODUCTION OF A $1 COIN OR

EQUIVALENT IS SUCCESSFUL ONLY WITH THE SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF ITS COUNTERPART BILLNOTE.

THE INTRODUCTION OF THREE NEW COINS ( SEE ACTE II ) WOULD HELP TO BRIDGE THE GAP CREATED

WITH THE RETIRING OF THE SACAGAWEA DOLLAR FROM CURRENT PRODUCTION.

THE $1 BILL, IN 2013, IS OF LESS VALUE THAN THE U.S. QUARTER WAS IN 1976. MILLIONS

OF AMERICANS USED QUARTERS FOR EVERYDAY PURCHASES IN 1976, WITHOUT A MOMENT'S THOUGHT

THAT THERE SHOULD BE A BILLNOTE FOR THE SAME DENOMINATION. INDEED, THE SOLE REASON

WHY THE $1 BILL HAS NOT BEEN PHASED OUT ( SEE THE CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS OF THE $1 COIN

ACT OF 1997 ) IS DUE TO THE POWER OF SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS IN LOBBYING CONGRESS FOR

THEIR FINANCIAL SELF - INTEREST, NAMELY THE COMPANIES WHICH SUPPLY THE PAPER AND THE

INKS FOR THE $1 BILL. SEVERAL STUDIES SHOW THAT BILLIONS OF DOLLARS WOULD BE SAVED

ANNUALLY IN SWITCHING FROM THE $1 BILL TO THE $1 COIN ( THRU PRODUCTION COSTS ALONE DUE

TO THE GREATER LONGEVITY OF THE COIN OVER THE BILL ). IN ADDITION, USING THE PRINCIPLE OF

SEIGNORAGE,** BILLIONS MORE COULD BE RAISED BY THE U.S. TREASURY AS DIRECT PROFIT TO

REDUCE THE NATIONAL DEBT. THERE ARE ALSO ENVIRONMENTAL REASONS TO USE A DOLLAR COIN

IN PLACE OF THE DOLLAR BILL, TO BE DISCUSSED IN ACTE III.

THE $10 HAMILTON BILL AND $20 JACKSON BILL WOULD BOTH BE RETIRED FROM PRODUCTION

IN 2017 WITH THE RELEASE OF NEWLY DESIGNED $10 AND $20 BILLNOTES. THE $10 HAMILTON BILL

WOULD CONTINUE IN CIRCULATION ALONGSIDE THE NEW ROOSEVELT $10 ; THE $20 JACKSON BILL ON

THE OTHER HAND WOULD BE REMOVED FROM CIRCULATION, WITH THE MONETARY VALUE OF THE

JACKSON $20 BILL OFFICIALLY CHANGING ON DECEMBER 31, 2016 FROM $20.00 TO $00.10.

ACTE II - LIBERTYS, STELLAS, & PEACE

" WE CAN'T SOLVE PROBLEMS BY USING THE SAME KIND OF THINKING WE USED

WHEN WE CREATED THEM " - ALBERT EINSTEIN

WITH THE REMOVAL FROM CURRENT PRODUCTION OF EIGHT FORMS OF U.S. CURRENCY, EIGHT

NEW COINS / BILLS WOULD BE INTRODUCED IN 2016, AS LISTED BELOW :

KELLER LIBERTY ( 30 CENT COIN )

KING DOLLAR ( $1 COIN )

STANDING BEAR STELLA ( $4 COIN )

ROOSEVELT $10 BILL

CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE ( $13 COIN )

WASHINGTON $20 BILL

EINSTEIN $250 BILL

BLACK ELK $500 BILL

WHAT IS A LIBERTY ? THE LIBERTY COIN WOULD BE THE FIRST THIRTY CENT COIN IN THE

HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. WHY A LIBERTY AND NOT A QUARTER ? MODELED LARGELY ON

THE DIMENSIONS OF THE CURRENT NICKEL, THE LIBERTY COIN WOULD BE BOTH LIGHTER AND

SMALLER COMPARED TO THE QUARTER ; IN ADDITION ( WITH ALL CASH TRANSACTIONS BEING

ROUNDED TO THE NEAREST DIME ) THE LIBERTY COIN, AS A THIRTY CENT PIECE AND WORTH THREE

DIMES, WOULD BE THE MORE ELEGANT SOLUTION FOR CHANGE AND CASH DRAWER SCENARIOS ( IN

PLACE OF THE QUARTER ). MOST IMPORTANTLY HOWEVER, THE SIZE OF THE LIBERTY COIN

( IMAGINE A SLIGHTLY THINNER NICKEL ) WOULD BE CLEARLY DISTINGUISHABLE FROM THE DOLLAR

COIN ; WITH A PROPOSED INCREASE IN CIRCULATION AND USAGE OF THE DOLLAR COIN, THE

QUARTER'S SIMILARITY IN SIZE TO THE DOLLAR COIN WOULD BE THE DARK POCKET'S POTENTIAL

SOURCE FOR CONFUSION. THE OBVERSE OF THE LIBERTY COIN WOULD FEATURE HELEN KELLER, AN

AUTHOR OF HIGH INTELLIGENCE WHO SUPPORTED WOMEN'S RIGHTS, THE RIGHTS OF THE DISABLED

AND THE HANDICAPPED, AS WELL AS THE RIGHTS OF THE WORKING CLASS. SHE IS HONORED HERE

AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE POWER OF ONE, AND AS AN ENDURING SYMBOL OF THE ABILITY WITHIN US

ALL TO OVERCOME GREAT TRIALS AND ADVERSITY. THE REVERSE OF THE LIBERTY COIN WOULD

FEATURE THE LIBERTY BELL AND THE WORD " LIBERTY " IN BRAILLE.

2016 WOULD BE A BUSY YEAR FOR THE DOLLAR COIN. AS A TRANSITIONAL YEAR, IT WOULD

BE THE LAST YEAR THE SACAGAWEA DOLLAR IS PRODUCED, THE CULMINATION OF THE PRESIDENTIAL

$1 COIN PROGRAM ( WITH NIXON, FORD, AND REAGAN ), AND THE INAUGURATION OF THE MARTIN

LUTHER KING JR. DOLLAR COIN. STRUCK IN THE SAME GOLDEN DOLLAR COMPOSITION AS THE

CIRCULATING SACAGAWEA DOLLAR AND PRESIDENTIAL DOLLAR COINS, THE MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.

DOLLAR COIN WOULD HONOR ONE OF THE GREAT AFRICAN AMERICAN LEADERS OF THE 20TH

CENTURY IN THE NONVIOLENT STRUGGLE AGAINST DISCRIMINATION AND INEQUALITY. THE REVERSE

OF THE KING DOLLAR COIN WOULD FEATURE THE IMAGE OF THE CROWDS GATHERED AROUND THE

LINCOLN MEMORIAL REFLECTING POOL ON AUGUST 28, 1963, WHEN KING DELIVERED HIS " I HAVE

A DREAM " SPEECH WITH THE WASHINGTON MONUMENT TOWERING IN THE BACKGROUND. THE

SACAGAWEA AND PRESIDENTIAL DOLLAR COINS, ALTHOUGH NO LONGER IN PRODUCTION, COULD

CONTINUE TO BE USED IN CASH TRANSACTIONS ALONGSIDE THE KING DOLLAR, IN A PROPOSED

INCREASE OF DOLLAR COIN USAGE WITH THE RETIREMENT OF THE $1 BILL.

2016 WOULD ALSO SEE THE UNVEILING AND REINTRODUCTION OF A U.S. COIN LAST PRODUCED

IN 1880: THE STELLA, OR THE $4 COIN. WHY A $4 COIN ? AS EXPLAINED ABOVE, THE FORCES OF

INFLATION HAVE GIVEN THE CURRENT $1 COIN ( OR BILL ) THE VALUE OF A QUARTER IN 1976. THE

STELLA, OR $4 COIN, WOULD BE A SMALLER COIN OF SIGNIFICANT BUYING POWER WHICH COULD

SIMPLIFY VENDING MACHINE AND MASS TRANSIT PAYMENTS WHILE BEING BOTH THE ENVIRONMENTAL

CHOICE AND THE ECONOMICAL CHOICE ( THRU THE MAGIC OF SEIGNORAGE, SEE APPENDIX** ). THE

STELLA WOULD BE THE EXACT DIMENSIONS AS THE ORIGINAL 1880 STELLA ( AT 22 MILLIMETERS IN

DIAMETER ), SLIGHTLY LARGER THAN THE CURRENT NICKEL. THE STELLA WOULD BE DIFFERENTIATED

FROM THE LIBERTY COIN BY REEDED EDGES AND THE IMAGES OF ITS OBVERSE AND REVERSE TRIPLE

STRUCK FOR A PROOFLIKE 3D EFFECT WHICH COULD PASS THE DARK POCKET'S TEST OF PALPABILITY.

INSTEAD OF A STACK OF DOLLAR COINS, OR A ROLL OF QUARTERS, IMAGINE USING A SINGLE

STELLA COIN AT THE PARKING METER, AT THE VENDING MACHINE, OR ON THE SUBWAYS AND

TRANSIT SYSTEMS ?

FORGED IN 100% BRONZE, THE OBVERSE OF THE STELLA WOULD FEATURE THE IMAGE OF

STANDING BEAR, THE GREAT PONCA CHIEF WHO SUCCESSFULLY ARGUED IN THE U.S. DISTRICT COURT

OF OMAHA ( IN MAY 1879 ) THAT HE WAS A PERSON UNDER U.S. LAW AND WITH A RIGHT TO THE

THE WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS. THIS LANDMARK DECISION CAME AFTER STANDING BEAR HAD

TRAVELLED FROM " INDIAN TERRITORY " ( OKLAHOMA ) TO OMAHA NEBRASKA ON FOOT AND IN THE

DEAD OF WINTER TO BURY HIS SON'S BONES IN THEIR HOMELANDS ( AFTER A THIRD OF HIS TRIBE

HAD DIED FOLLOWING THEIR FORCED RELOCATION TO INDIAN TERRITORY ). HIS CONTINUED EFFORTS

TO SPEAK OUT AGAINST THE UNJUST TREATMENT OF HIS PEOPLE, INCLUDING A TOUR OF THE

EASTERN UNITED STATES ACCOMPANIED BY HIS TRANSLATOR BRIGHT EYES, RESULTED IN THE SENATE

AWARDING STANDING BEAR AND HIS FOLLOWERS ( IN 1880 ) HOMES ON THEIR ANCESTRAL LANDS, IN

A DECISION AFFECTING UNITED STATES FUTURE RELATIONS WITH NATIVE AMERICANS ACROSS THE

COUNTRY. THE BUFFALO NICKEL OF THE EARLY 1900S AND THE SACAGAWEA DOLLAR COIN HAVE

BOTH HONORED NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURE, BUT NEVER BEFORE HAS A GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN

CHIEF BEEN HONORED, AS AN INDIVIDUAL, ON A CIRCULATING U.S. COIN. THE REVERSE OF THE

STELLA WOULD FEATURE EITHER THE EAGLE ( PHILADELPHIA MINT ), THE BUFFALO ( DENVER MINT ),

OR THE BEAR ( SAN FRANCISCO MINT ). THE NUMBER FOUR IS A SACRED NUMBER TO THE NATIVE

AMERICANS OF BOTH NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA ; IT SYMBOLIZES THE FOUR DIRECTIONS, THE

FOUR SEASONS, AND THE CYCLE OF LIFE.

THE UNITED STATES HAS HAD A LONG AND MEMORABLE HISTORY OF LARGER SIZED COINS, FROM

EISENHOWER DOLLARS TO THE KENNEDY HALF DOLLAR ( AND FRANKLIN HALF DOLLAR BEFORE THAT ),

AS WELL AS THE PEACE SILVER DOLLARS OF THE 1920s AND 1930s ( TO COMMEMORATE THE PEACE

AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR ). IN THIS TRADITION IS INTRODUCED THE FINAL COIN : THE $13

CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN. BORROWING THE EXACT DIMENSIONS OF THE KENNEDY HALF DOLLAR,

THE CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN WOULD BE A CIRCULATING COIN HONORING THE EXTRAORDINARY

CHIEF SI' AHL OF THE SUQUAMISH TRIBE ( WHO DELIVERED A POWERFUL SPEECH IN 1854 PLEADING

FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP, PEACE, AND RESPECT FOR ONE ANOTHER ). STRUCK IN A UNIQUE

COMBINATION OF SILVER, COPPER, & NICKEL AROUND A COPPER CORE, THE $13 PEACE COIN WOULD

FEATURE CHIEF SEATTLE ON THE OBVERSE, WITH THE REVERSE DEPICTING A THUNDERBIRD ( THE

LEGENDARY BIRD IN THE MYTHOLOGIES AND HISTORIES OF NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES FROM THE GREAT

PLAINS TO THE COASTS ). WHY A $13 COIN ? WITH A PROJECTED PRODUCTION COST OF $1.22 PER

COIN, THE PEACE COIN WOULD RAISE A FULL $ 11.78 SEIGNORAGE PER COIN PUT INTO CIRCULATION

BY THE U.S. TREASURY. WITH A PUBLIC AWARE OF THE WAYS IN WHICH SEIGNORAGE RAISED USING

COINS INSTEAD OF BILLS OR CREDIT CARDS COULD REDUCE THE NATIONAL DEBT ( SEE APPENDIX** ),

MODEST USAGE OF THE CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN COULD RAISE BILLIONS OF DOLLARS AS

SEIGNORAGE AGAINST THE NATIONAL DEBT. THIRTEEN IS A NUMBER OF TRANSFORMATION ( THERE

ARE THIRTEEN MOONS IN A YEAR; ALSO, THINK OF CHRIST AND HIS TWELVE DISCIPLES, OR OF A

JURY OF TWELVE MEMBERS PLUS A JUDGE ). IN THE GREAT SEAL OF THE UNITED STATES, THERE

ARE THIRTEEN STARS DEPICTED, THIRTEEN STRIPES, AND THIRTEEN STEPS ON THE PYRAMID. WHILE

THE NUMBER THIRTEEN REFERS TO THE 13 ORIGINAL COLONIES OF THE UNITED STATES, ITS USAGE

IN THE MYTHOLOGIES AND TRADITIONS OF THE NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES OF ANCIENT CENTRAL AND

NORTH AMERICA ALSO CANNOT BE OVERLOOKED.

A $13 COIN MAY STRIKE SOME AS INCONGRUENT TO THEIR BOXES OF 5, 10, 15, AND 20 ;

OTHERS MAY VIEW THE NUMBER THIRTEEN AS UNLUCKY OR OMINOUS. TO THOSE CONCERNS I

WOULD ASSERT THAT WE CANNOT BE A NATION PRIVY TO THE MERCURIAL WINDS OF SUPERSTITION,

NOR TO THE RIGID NUMEROLOGY OF THE HUMAN HAND, BUT THAT WE CAN GO BEYOND. A $13

COIN ( AT MORE THAN THREE TIMES THE VALUE OF THE STELLA ) WOULD BE A COIN OF SIGNIFICANT

BUYING POWER WHICH WOULD CURB THE POWERS OF INFLATION MORE EFFECTIVELY THAN ANY

OTHER COIN. FROM AN AESTHETIC STANDPOINT, THE CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN WOULD BE KEEPING

FROM OBSOLESCENCE THE LARGER SIZED COIN, WITH ITS AMPLE SIZED CANVAS FOR CREATING HIGHLY

DETAILED RENDERINGS AND VISUAL RECREATIONS ON THE COIN SURFACE. IT CAN BE IMAGINED THAT,

SIMILAR TO THE WAY IN WHICH THE PRESIDENTIAL $1 COIN SERIES FOLLOWED THE INTRODUCTION OF

THE SACAGAWEA DOLLAR, THAT A CERTAIN LIMITED EDITION SERIES ( HONORING GREAT AMERICAN

ARTISTS AND NATURAL WONDERS ) COULD AUGMENT AND HELP POPULARIZE THE INITIAL CIRCULATION

OF THESE PEACE COINS. AMONG THE MANY GREAT AMERICAN AUTHORS, VISUAL ARTISTS, COMPOSERS,

AND PHILOSOPHERS, ONE INDIVIDUAL COULD BE SELECTED EACH YEAR TO BE PRODUCED IN LIMITED

EDITION CONCURRENTLY WITH THE CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN. IMAGINE A $13 PEACE COIN

HONORING EDGAR ALLAN POE, WITH A RAVEN ON THE REVERSE, OR A PEACE COIN FEATURING

HENRY DAVID THOREAU, EMILY DICKINSON, OR MARK TWAIN ? THE UNITED STATES HAS PLAYED A

PIVOTAL ROLE IN THE NASCENT HISTORY OF MOTION PICTURES ; THE LARGER CANVAS OF THESE

PROPOSED PEACE COINS COULD BE THE OPTIMAL SETTING TO HONOR THE SILVER SCREEN THRU

SUCH GREAT AMERICAN ACTORS AND DIRECTORS AS ORSON WELLES, BETTE DAVIS, JUDY GARLAND,

AND STANLEY KUBRICK ( WITH A SCENE FROM ONE OF THEIR FILMS ETCHED IN 13% SILVER ON THE

REVERSE OF EACH PEACE COIN ). VISUAL ARTISTS SUCH AS MAN RAY, KAY SAGE, FRANK LLOYD

WRIGHT, AND DOROTHEA TANNING COULD BE HONORED, AS WELL AS AMERICAN COMPOSERS SUCH

AS GEORGE GERSHWIN, DUKE ELLINGTON, MILES DAVIS, AND JIMI HENDRIX. FURTHERMORE, A

LIMITED EDITION SERIES OF PEACE COINS DEPICTING THIRTEEN AMERICAN WONDERS OF NATURE

( FROM THE MAUNA LOA VOLCANO IN HAWAII, TO MATO TIPILA IN NORTHEAST WYOMING, TO

ONGTUPKA ( THE GRAND CANYON ) IN NORTHERN ARIZONA ) COULD ALSO BE RELEASED, HIGHLIGHTING

CERTAIN MANIFESTATIONS OF NATURE HELD SACRED BY THE INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS OF ANCIENT

NORTH AMERICA.*** FINALLY, THE ORIGINAL DESIGN OF THE PEACE COIN ( WITH A RADIATE

CROWNED LADY LIBERTY AND A BALD EAGLE CLUTCHING AN OLIVE BRANCH ON THE REVERSE, AS

IN 2021 TO COMMEMORATE THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE PEACE DOLLAR. THIS COIN COULD BE

BOTH A THING OF BEAUTY AND AN INSTRUMENT OF REVOLUTION, AS WELL AS THE PALPABLE MEANS

FOR ANY AMERICAN WHO SO CHOSE TO HELP REDUCE THE NATIONAL DEBT. **

IN A MAJOR REDESIGN OF U.S. BILLS SET TO THWART COUNTERFEITERS AND TO MAKE U.S.

PAPER BILLS DISTINGUISHABLE TO THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED ( SEE ACTE III ), A NEW $10 BILL WOULD

BE INTRODUCED IN 2016 HONORING A U.S. PRESIDENT WHO HAS PERHAPS DONE MORE THAN ANY

OTHER PRESIDENT IN THE NAME OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF

NATIONAL PARKS, MONUMENTS, AND FORESTS : THEODORE ROOSEVELT. INCLUDING A REDESIGN OF

SECURITY FEATURES, THE REVERSE OF THE ROOSEVELT $10 BILL WOULD FEATURE A PANORAMIC

IMAGE ( BY ANSEL ADAMS ) OF THE YOSEMITE VALLEY, ONE OF THE MANY NATIONAL PARKS HE WAS

INSTRUMENTAL IN ESTABLISHING. IN LIKE MANNER WOULD THE IMAGE OF GEORGE WASHINGTON

CONTINUE WITH THE REDESIGNED $20 BILL ; INCORPORATING NEW SECURITY FEATURES, THE REVERSE

OF THE WASHINGTON $20 WOULD FEATURE A PANORAMIC IMAGE OF WASHINGTON CROSSING THE

DELAWARE, THE 1851 PAINTING BY EMANUEL LEUTZE.

THE CAPSTONE OF THE 2016 U.S. MONETARY GRAND CHANGE WOULD BE THE INTRODUCTION

OF $250 AND $500 BILLNOTES FOR GENERAL CIRCULATION. THE CREATION OF $250 AND $500 BILLS

IS WARRANTED BY INFLATIONARY FORCES ALONE -- A SINGLE $100 BILL IN 1976 WOULD BY TODAY'S

STANDARDS BUY $409 WORTH ! THE OBVERSE OF THE $250 BILL WOULD FEATURE ALBERT EINSTEIN,

A GIANT IN MODERN PHYSICS AND PHILOSOPHY WHO BECAME A UNITED STATES CITIZEN FOR THE

FINAL FIFTEEN YEARS OF HIS LIFE ( HAVING LIVED IN THE UNITED STATES SINCE HITLER CAME TO

POWER IN 1933 ). KNOWN FOR HIS PENETRATING WISDOM, HIS CONTINUED CALLS FOR PEACE AND

NONVIOLENCE, AND HIS SENSE OF HUMOR, THIS GREAT AMERICAN IS HONORED ALONGSIDE BENJAMIN

FRANKLIN ( $100 BILL ) AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE INVENTIVE MIND AND THE STEADFAST STATESMAN,

WHO PLED FOR AN END TO ALL WARS IN THIS THE ATOMIC AGE. THE REVERSE OF THE $250 BILL

WOULD FEATURE AN IMAGE OF A TOTAL ECLIPSE OF THE SUN WHICH OCCURRED ON MAY 29, 1919,

DEMONSTRATING THE BENDING OF LIGHT AROUND THE SUN IN AN AFFIRMATION OF EINSTEIN'S

GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY. THE OBVERSE OF THE $500 BILL WOULD FEATURE BLACK ELK,

THE GREAT OGLALA SIOUX HOLY MAN AND KEEPER OF THE SACRED PIPE, WHO BEHELD IN AN

EXTRAORDINARY VISION THE CENTER OF THE EARTH. IN HIS WORDS, " THEN I WAS STANDING ON

THE HIGHEST MOUNTAIN OF THEM ALL, AND ROUND ABOUT BENEATH ME WAS THE WHOLE HOOP

OF THE WORLD. AND WHILE I STOOD THERE I SAW MORE THAN I CAN TELL AND I UNDERSTOOD

MORE THAN I SAW ; FOR I WAS SEEING IN A SACRED MANNER THE SHAPES OF ALL THINGS IN THE

SPIRIT, AND THE SHAPE OF ALL SHAPES AS THEY MUST LIVE TOGETHER LIKE ONE BEING. AND I

SAW THE SACRED HOOP OF MY PEOPLE WAS ONE OF MANY HOOPS THAT MADE ONE CIRCLE, WIDE

AS DAYLIGHT AND AS STARLIGHT, AND IN THE CENTER GREW ONE MIGHTY FLOWERING TREE TO

SHELTER ALL THE CHILDREN OF ONE MOTHER AND ONE FATHER. AND I SAW THAT IT WAS HOLY. "

THE REVERSE OF THE $500 BILLNOTE WOULD FEATURE A HANDDRUM OF THE GREAT PLAINS ; AS

EXPLAINED BY BLACK ELK, " THE DRUM IS ESPECIALLY SACRED TO US. ITS ROUND FORM REPRESENTS

THE UNIVERSE AND ITS STEADY STRONG BEAT IS THE PULSE, THE HEART THROBBING AT THE

CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE. AS THE VOICE OF WAKAN - TANKA, IT STIRS AND HELPS US TO

UNDERSTAND THE MYSTERY AND THE POWER OF THINGS. " THE HOLY MOUNTAIN UPON WHICH

BLACK ELK STOOD IN HIS EXTRAORDINARY VISION HAD BEEN HARNEY PEAK IN THE BLACK HILLS OF

SOUTH DAKOTA, " BUT ANYWHERE " HE AFFIRMED " IS THE CENTER OF THE WORLD. "

ACTE III - TINY PUSHES

" THE WORLD IS MOVED ALONG, NOT ONLY BY THE MIGHTY SHOVES OF ITS HEROES, BUT ALSO

BY THE AGGREGATE OF TINY PUSHES OF EACH HONEST WORKER "

- HELEN KELLER

THE OTHER REMAINING U.S. COINS / BILLS NOT AFFECTED BY THE 2016 PHASEOUT WOULD

CONTINUE IN CIRCULATION AS BEFORE: THE FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT DIME, THE JEFFERSON $2 BILL,

THE LINCOLN $5 BILL, THE GRANT $50 BILL, AND THE FRANKLIN $100 BILL. THE JEFFERSON $2 BILL

IN PARTICULAR WOULD RECEIVE AN INCREASE IN PRODUCTION TO HELP ASSUAGE THE TRANSITION

CREATED WITH THE REMOVAL OF THE $1 BILL, AND COULD LARGELY REPLACE THE SLOT OF THE $1

NOTE IN CASH REGISTERS. ALL WOULD BE PRINTED AND PRODUCED AS BEFORE, WITH THE $50 AND

$100 BILLNOTES RECEIVING CONTINUED ATTENTION AND MODIFICATION AS NEWER SECURITY FEATURES

BECOME AVAILABLE. IN ADDITION, ALL NEW U.S. PAPER MONEY BEGINNING WITH THE $10, $20, $250,

& $500 BILLS WOULD HAVE A CURRENCY TACTILE AREA ( SIMILAR TO A DESIGN RECENTLY INTRODUCED

IN CANADA ) TO AID THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED AND THE BLIND IN DISTINGUISHING BILLS. AS THIS

TACTILE AREA WOULD BE A STEP UNPRECEDENTED IN U.S. PAPER MONEY, AN EXTENDED DESIGN

PHASE WITH A PROJECTED INTRODUCTION IN JANUARY 2017 IS BOTH WARRANTED AND ACHIEVABLE.

F. ROOSEVELT DIME ( 10 CENTS )

KELLER LIBERTY ( 30 CENTS )

KING DOLLAR ( $1 COIN )

JEFFERSON $2 BILL

STANDING BEAR STELLA ( $4 COIN )

LINCOLN $5 BILL

T. ROOSEVELT $10 BILL

CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE ( $13 COIN )

WASHINGTON $20 BILL

GRANT $50 BILL

FRANKLIN $100 BILL

EINSTEIN $250 BILL

BLACK ELK $500 BILL

THE BEAUTY OF THE 2016 REDESIGN OF THE U.S. COIN / CURRENCY SYSTEM IS NOT ONLY IN

THE MANY WAYS IT WOULD BENEFIT THE ECONOMY, REDUCE THE NATIONAL DEBT, AND BOOST THE

BUSINESS OF COIN OPERATORS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, BUT ALSO IN THE WAYS IT WOULD

IMPACT THE FUTURE ENVIRONMENT FOR THE BETTER. THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE $1 BILL FROM

CIRCULATION AND WIDESPREAD USE OF THE $1 COIN AND $4 STELLA COULD SAVE THE LIVES OF

MILLIONS OF TREES, EVEN ENTIRE FORESTS, AS 40% OF ALL U.S. CURRENCY PRODUCED ANNUALLY

HAS TRADITIONALLY BEEN THE $1 BILL. THE COTTON USED TO CREATE THESE BILLS COULD LIKEWISE

BE REPURPOSED, AND THE COMPOSITION OF THE COINS THEMSELVES COULD BE DESIGNED FOR THE

LONGEST POSSIBLE PUBLIC USE RETAINING BOTH ELEGANCE AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES ( COPPER

AND ITS ALLOYS HAVE KNOWN ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS ). THE $1 BILL IS ENVIRONMENTALLY

HARMFUL AS IT IS PRODUCED FROM VIRGIN PAPER AND COTTON, HAS A RELATIVELY SHORT LIFESPAN

( 4 YEARS ) BEFORE IT IS TAKEN OUT OF CIRCULATION, AND IS DISPOSED OF LARGELY IN LANDFILLS.

COINS ON THE OTHER HAND HAVE AN AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF 30 + YEARS, CAN BE RECYCLED

COMPLETELY TO CREATE NEW COINS, AND CAN BE VERIFIED MUCH MORE QUICKLY AND EFFICIENTLY

COMPARED TO BILLS.

AS AN ACTIVITY TO FACILITATE THIS TRANSITION FROM PENNIES, NICKELS, & QUARTERS, TO

LIBERTYS, DOLLARS, STELLAS, & PEACE COINS, 2016 COULD BE THE EXCLUSIVE YEAR TO TRADE IN

AT DESIGNATED COLLECTION CENTERS $3 WORTH OF OLD CHANGE ( PENNIES, NICKELS, & QUARTERS )

FOR $4 WORTH OF LIBERTYS, DOLLARS, AND STELLAS. THIS " GRAND CHANGE ROUNDUP " COULD BE

AN IMPORTANT PUBLIC ACTIVITY TO HELP FLUSH OUT REMAINING STOCKPILES OF OLD CHANGE AND

TO HELP GALVANIZE THE INITIAL CIRCULATION OF THESE NEW COINS.

OF COURSE THE ARGUMENT COULD BE MADE TO DUMP COINS AND PAPER MONEY COMPLETELY

AND TO TRANSITION TO A CREDIT CARD SOCIETY, WHERE OUR EVERY MOVEMENTS ARE RECORDED,

OUR SHOPPING TENDENCIES NOTED AND TARGETED, AND OUR PURCHASES LINING THE POCKETBOOKS

OF FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATES. WHILE CREDIT CARD TRANSACTIONS HAVE THEIR PLACE IN THIS

ELECTRONICALLY ENCODED SOCIETY, THE FREEDOM AND PRIVACY OF CASH TRANSACTIONS,

PARTICULARLY WITH MASS TRANSIT AND RETAIL PURCHASES, IS A METHOD OF PAYMENT STILL

IMPORTANT TO MANY AMERICANS FOR DIVERSE REASONS. CENTRAL TO THE 2016 GRAND CHANGE IS

THE PRINCIPLE OF SEIGNORAGE : IT WOULD BE ASKING THE AMERICAN PUBLIC TO SACRIFICE SOME

OF THEIR PURCHASING HABITS, USING COINS IN PLACE OF PLASTIC, TOWARDS A NOBLER END. THIS

PROPOSAL, ALTHOUGH EXPANSIVE, WOULD HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO SIGNAL A PARADIGM SHIFT,

FROM POWER IN THE CREDIT CARD COMPANIES AND HUGE MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS TO THE

WORKING PUBLIC AND THE U.S. TREASURY ; FOR THE ECONOMY, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND TOWARDS

THE REDUCTION OF THE COLOSSAL U.S. NATIONAL DEBT, IT IS SUGGESTED THAT WE CONTEMPLATE

THIS BOLD STEP AWAY FROM THE STAGNANT U.S. COIN / CURRENCY SYSTEM OF THE PRESENT

TOWARDS A SOLUTION MORE STREAMLINED, AS WE HONOR IMPORTANT LEADERS AND ARTISTS OF

AMERICA PAST WHILE PRESERVING THE PRECIOUS NATURAL RESOURCES OF AMERICA FUTURE. ONLY

THEN MIGHT WE WITNESS THE " TINY PUSHES " OF HELEN KELLER'S VISION, AS THE USE OF DOLLARS

AND STELLAS, PEACE COINS AND LIBERTYS ACROSS THE NATION COULD ERODE THE NATIONAL DEBT

( BY 40 % OF 2013 LEVELS, OR $ 7.1 TRILLION, SEE APPENDIX ** ), SAFEGUARD THE ENVIRONMENT,

AND GIVE LONG OVERDUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND HONOR TO THREE GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN

LEADERS OF THOSE PEOPLES AND TRIBES WHO CAME BEFORE.

EPILOGUE

" MY FIRST WISH IS TO SEE THIS PLAGUE OF MANKIND,

WAR,

BANISHED FROM THE EARTH "

- GEORGE WASHINGTON

IF ONE COULD TALK OF THE PSYCHE OF THE UNITED STATES AS A SINGLE ENTITY EXTENDING

FROM THE YEARS OF THE WILD WEST, THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION ( AND EARLIER ), TO THE PRESENT

DAY, ONE MIGHT FIND AN AMERICAN PSYCHE JUST COMING TO GRIPS WITH WHAT HAS OCCURRED

WITH THE STARK REDUCTION ( AND UTTER DECIMATION IN MANY INSTANCES ) OF THE NATIVE TRIBES

AND PEOPLES OF ANCIENT NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA. THRU YEARS OF BEING MARGINALIZED,

GLOSSED OVER, ROMANTICIZED AS THE BRUTAL SAVAGE OF THE CLASSIC COWBOYS AND INDIANS

MOTION PICTURES AND TELEVISION SHOWS, AND LABELED CALLOUSLY AS THE ENEMY, THOSE NATIVE

AMERICANS OF YEARS PAST WERE SIMPLY FIGHTING FOR THEIR LIVES AND A WAY OF LIFE THAT WAS

TAKEN FROM THEM. ENOUGH TIME HAS PAST WHERE, AS ONE WAKING UP FROM A BAD DREAM TO

FIND BLOOD ON ONE'S OWN HANDS, THE AMERICAN COLLECTIVE PSYCHE MIGHT COME TO A MORE

HONEST REALIZATION OF WHAT HAS BEFALLEN THE NATIVE AMERICAN PEOPLES OVER THE LAST

FIVE HUNDRED YEARS, AND OF THE LONG DRAWN OUT HOLOCAUST WHICH HAS OCCURRED ON OUR

OWN SOIL. WHILE NO MEASURE OR BILL CAN BRING BACK THE LIVES OF THE NATIVE AMERICANS

NOW LOST, WITH ONCE GREAT TRIBES NOW REDUCED TO A MERE FRACTION OF THEIR FORMER

NUMBERS ( AND ON LANDS MUCH REDUCED FROM THEIR EARLIER EXPANSES ), IT IS HOPED THAT,

IN HONORING THREE OF THE GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN CHIEFS ON U.S. COINAGE AND CURRENCY,

THE DIALOGUE MIGHT BE OPENED AND THE PATHWAY CONSTRUCTED FOR MORE MEANINGFUL AND

APPROPRIATE REPARATIONS AND HONOR DUE TO THE NATIVE AMERICAN PEOPLES OF THE U.S.A.

ON JANUARY 12 1854, DR HENRY A SMITH, AN EARLY SETTLER OF THE WASHINGTON

TERRITORY AND FLUENT IN LUSHOOTSEED ( THE NATIVE TONGUE OF CHIEF SEATTLE ), WAS IN

ATTENDANCE AND TOOK NOTES AS CHIEF SEATTLE SPOKE TO THOSE ASSEMBLED IN A SPECIAL

WELCOMING RECEPTION FOR GOVERNOR ISAAC STEVENS ( INVOLVING OVER TWELVE HUNDRED NATIVE

AMERICANS FROM THE NEIGHBORING AREAS ). AS CHIEF SEATTLE ROSE TO SPEAK, HE " AROSE WITH

ALL THE DIGNITY OF A SENATOR, WHO CARRIES THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF A GREAT NATION ON HIS

SHOULDERS. PLACING ONE HAND ON THE GOVERNOR'S HEAD, AND SLOWLY POINTING HEAVENWARD

WITH THE INDEX FINGER OF THE OTHER, HE COMMENCED HIS MEMORABLE ADDRESS IN SOLEMN AND

IMPRESSIVE TONES. "

UNDER A CLEAR WINTER'S SKY, AND BEFORE THE SHORELINE OF ELLIOTT BAY ( IN

WHAT IS TODAY DOWNTOWN SEATTLE WASHINGTON ), CHIEF SEATTLE SPOKE OF THE PLIGHT OF

THE NATIVE AMERICANS, AND OF THE GREAT LOVE OF HIS PEOPLE FOR THE EARTH AND THEIR

ENVIRONMENT, AS WELL AS FOR THEIR ANCESTORS AND DEPARTED LOVED ONES. IN AN ARTICLE

WHICH APPEARED IN THE SEATTLE SUNDAY STAR ON OCTOBER 29, 1887, DR. HENRY SMITH

RECOUNTS FROM HIS EXTENDED NOTES WHAT, IN HIS OWN WORDS, WAS " BUT A FRAGMENT OF

HIS [ CHIEF SEATTLE'S ] SPEECH ". BELOW IS REPRINTED, IN CLOSING, BUT A SMALL FRAGMENT

FROM THAT " FRAGMENT ", AS A TESTAMENT OF THE PEACE - LOVING SOUL OF CHIEF SEATTLE,

WHOSE VOICE SOUNDED, IN THE WORDS OF DR. SMITH, " LIKE THE STARTLING REVEILLE OF A

BASS DRUM, WHEN SILENCE BECAME AS INSTANTANEOUS AND PERFECT AS THAT WHICH FOLLOWS

A CLAP OF THUNDER FROM A CLEAR SKY. "

" THE GREAT, AND I PRESUME ALSO GOOD, WHITE CHIEF SENDS US WORD THAT HE

WANTS TO BUY OUR LAND BUT IS WILLING TO ALLOW US TO RESERVE ENOUGH TO LIVE

COMFORTABLY. THIS INDEED APPEARS GENEROUS, FOR THE RED MAN NO LONGER HAS RIGHTS THAT

HE NEED RESPECT, AND THE OFFER MAY BE WISE, ALSO, FOR WE ARE NO LONGER IN NEED OF A

GREAT COUNTRY. THERE WAS A TIME WHEN OUR PEOPLE COVERED THE WHOLE LAND, AS THE

WAVES OF A WIND - RUFFLED SEA COVER ITS SHELL - PAVED FLOOR. BUT THAT TIME HAS LONG

SINCE PASSED AWAY WITH THE GREATNESS OF TRIBES NOW ALMOST FORGOTTEN. I WILL NOT

MOURN OVER OUR UNTIMELY DECAY, NOR REPROACH MY PALE - FACE BROTHERS FOR HASTENING

IT, FOR WE, TOO, MAY HAVE BEEN SOMEWHAT TO BLAME.

" WHEN OUR YOUNG MEN GROW ANGRY AT SOME REAL OR IMAGINARY WRONG, AND

DISFIGURE THEIR FACES WITH BLACK PAINT, THEIR HEARTS, ALSO, ARE DISFIGURED AND TURN

BLACK, AND THEN THEIR CRUELTY IS RELENTLESS AND KNOWS NO BOUNDS, AND OUR OLD MEN

ARE NOT ABLE TO RESTRAIN THEM. BUT LET US HOPE THAT HOSTILITIES BETWEEN THE RED - MAN

AND HIS PALE - FACE BROTHERS MAY NEVER RETURN. WE WOULD HAVE EVERYTHING TO LOSE AND

NOTHING TO GAIN. TRUE IT IS, THAT REVENGE, WITH OUR YOUNG BRAVES, IS CONSIDERED GAIN,

EVEN AT THE COST OF THEIR OWN LIVES, BUT OLD MEN WHO STAY AT HOME IN TIMES OF WAR,

AND OLD WOMEN, WHO HAVE SONS TO LOSE, KNOW BETTER.

" THE ASHES OF OUR ANCESTORS ARE SACRED AND THEIR FINAL RESTING PLACE IS

HALLOWED GROUND, WHILE YOU WANDER AWAY FROM THE TOMBS OF YOUR FATHERS

SEEMINGLY WITHOUT REGRET. YOUR RELIGION WAS WRITTEN ON TABLES OF STONE BY THE IRON

FINGER OF AN ANGRY GOD, LEST YOU MIGHT FORGET IT. OUR RELIGION IS THE TRADITIONS OF

OUR ANCESTORS, THE DREAMS OF OUR OLD MEN, GIVEN THEM BY THE GREAT SPIRIT, AND THE

VISIONS OF OUR SACHEMS, AND IS WRITTEN IN THE HEARTS OF OUR PEOPLE. OUR DEAD NEVER

FORGET THIS BEAUTIFUL WORLD THAT GAVE THEM BEING. THEY STILL LOVE ITS WINDING RIVERS,

ITS GREAT MOUNTAINS AND ITS SEQUESTERED VALES. EVERY PART OF THIS COUNTRY IS SACRED

TO MY PEOPLE. EVERY HILL - SIDE, EVERY VALLEY, EVERY PLAIN AND GROVE HAS BEEN HALLOWED

BY SOME FOND MEMORY OR SOME SAD EXPERIENCE OF MY TRIBE. EVEN THE ROCKS THAT SEEM TO

LIE DUMB AS THEY SWELTER IN THE SUN ALONG THE SILENT SEASHORE IN SOLEMN GRANDEUR

THRILL WITH MEMORIES OF PAST EVENTS CONNECTED WITH THE FATE OF MY PEOPLE, AND THE

VERY DUST UNDER YOUR FEET RESPONDS MORE LOVINGLY TO OUR FOOTSTEPS THAN TO YOURS,

BECAUSE IT IS THE ASHES OF OUR ANCESTORS, AND OUR BARE FEET ARE CONSCIOUS OF THE

SYMPATHETIC TOUCH, FOR THE SOIL IS RICH WITH THE LIFE OF OUR KINDRED.

" SOME GRIM NEMESIS OF OUR RACE IS ON THE RED MAN'S TRAIL, AND WHEREVER HE

GOES HE WILL STILL HEAR THE SURE APPROACHING FOOTSTEPS OF THE FELL DESTROYER AND

PREPARE TO MEET HIS DOOM, AS DOES THE WOUNDED DOE THAT HEARS THE APPROACHING

FOOTSTEPS OF THE HUNTER. A FEW MORE MOONS, A FEW MORE WINTERS AND NOT ONE OF ALL

THE MIGHTY HOSTS THAT ONCE FILLED THIS BROAD LAND OR THAT NOW ROAM IN FRAGMENTARY

BANDS THROUGH THESE VAST SOLITUDES WILL REMAIN TO WEEP OVER THE TOMBS OF A PEOPLE

ONCE AS POWERFUL AND AS HOPEFUL AS YOUR OWN. BUT WHY SHOULD WE REPINE ? WHY

SHOULD I MURMUR AT THE FATE OF MY PEOPLE ? TRIBES ARE MADE UP OF INDIVIDUALS AND ARE

NO BETTER THAN THEY. MEN COME AND GO LIKE THE WAVES OF THE SEA. A TEAR, A

TAMANAWUS, A DIRGE, AND THEY ARE GONE FROM OUR LONGING EYES FOREVER. EVEN THE

WHITE MAN, WHOSE GOD WALKED AND TALKED WITH HIM, AS FRIEND TO FRIEND, IS NOT EXEMPT

FROM THE COMMON DESTINY. WE MAY BE BROTHERS AFTER ALL . . . " ****

DECEMBER 22 2013

* ROUNDING TO THE NEAREST TENTH WOULD OCCUR ONLY IN CASH TRANSACTIONS ( CREDIT

CARD AND ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS COULD CONTINUE TO BE TABULATED TO THE PENNY ) ;

IF THE CHANGE DUE WAS 1, 2, 3, OR 4 CENTS, THE MERCHANT OR BUSINESS WOULD KEEP

THE CHANGE ; OTHERWISE, IF THE CHANGE DUE BACK WAS 5, 6, 7, 8, OR 9 CENTS, THE

CUSTOMER WOULD THEN RECEIVE A DIME ( 10 CENTS ) BACK AS CHANGE. THE ROUNDING

RESULTS ARE SKEWED TOWARDS THE CUSTOMER OR CONSUMER WITH A TWO - FOLD

PURPOSE : 1 ) TO FOSTER TRUST IN THE PUBLIC THAT THE ROUNDING OF CASH

TRANSACTIONS WOULDN'T COLLECTIVELY BE TAKING MONEY AWAY FROM THEIR POCKETS

( HAVING 4 CENTS DUE AS CHANGE AND RECEIVING NOTHING WOULD BE A SHOCK TO GET

USED TO FOR MANY, BUT 55.55% OF THE TIME, THE CUSTOMER WOULD BE RECEIVING MORE

CHANGE BACK THAN WAS DUE ; 5 OUT OF 9 IS WINNING ODDS ), AND 2 ) TO OFFSET THE

REPOSITIONING OF PRICES WHICH BUSINESSES DEALING IN CASH TRANSACTIONS WOULD

UNDOUBTEDLY UNDERTAKE SO AS TO MINIMIZE THEIR LOSSES FROM ROUNDING TO THE

NEAREST DIME.

** SEIGNORAGE IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE VALUE OF MONEY AND THE COST TO PRODUCE

AND DISTRIBUTE IT. SEIGNORAGE WORKS DIFFERENTLY HOWEVER BETWEEN A PAPER BILL AND A

COIN. AS EXPLAINED BY THEODORE E. ALLISON ( FORMER ASSISTANT TO THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS

OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM ), WHEN THE UNITED STATES MINT PRODUCES A DOLLAR COIN, IT

SPENDS 8 CENTS ON PRODUCTION COSTS AND ISSUES THE COIN INTO CIRCULATION AT FACE VALUE

( 100 CENTS ), DEPOSITING THE COIN IN THE FEDERAL RESERVE FOR 100 CENTS. THIS 92 CENTS

DIFFERENCE IS SEIGNORAGE, ESSENTIALLY PROFIT. IN THE CASE OF A DOLLAR BILL ON THE OTHER

HAND, THE COST OF PRODUCING THE BILL IS 5 CENTS, AND THE FEDERAL RESERVE ISSUES THE BILL

INTO CIRCULATION AT FACE VALUE, INVESTING THE 95 CENTS DIFFERENCE IN U.S. GOVERNMENT

BONDS. WITH A DOLLAR BILL HOWEVER, THE SEIGNORAGE RAISED IS NOT 95 CENTS, BUT ONLY THE

INTEREST EARNED ON THIS 95 CENTS NOW TIED TO GOVERNMENT BONDS. THE INTEREST THE

FEDERAL RESERVE RECEIVES GOES TO FEDERAL RESERVE EXPENSES ( $2 BILLION + ), RETAINED

EARNINGS ( A FEW HUNDRED MILLION ), AND DIVIDENDS TO MEMBER BANKS ( ANOTHER FEW HUNDRED

MILLION ); ONLY THE REMAINDER OF THE INTEREST AFTER THIS CONVOLUTED PROCESS WOULD BE

GIVEN BACK TO THE U.S. TREASURY AS SEIGNORAGE. THUS, SEIGNORAGE EARNED FROM PAPER BILLS

AMOUNTS TO ONLY THE INTEREST EARNED ON THESE SECURITIES MINUS THE FEDERAL RESERVE

EXPENSES, RETAINED EARNINGS, DIVIDENDS, AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS DEDUCTIONS. IN OTHER

WORDS, A $1 BILL RAISES ONLY A FRACTION OF THE SEIGNORAGE RAISED BY A DOLLAR COIN.

THE PRINCIPLE OF SEIGNORAGE IS KEY TO UNDERSTANDING HOW THE SIMPLE USE OF COINS

OVER BILLS COULD RAISE VAST AMOUNTS OF PROFIT TO POTENTIALLY LOWER THE U.S. NATIONAL

DEBT TO A SIGNIFICANT DEGREE. AS EXPLAINED BY THEODORE ALLISON, " SUPPOSE THE TOTAL

AMOUNT OF $1 COINS WENT UP. THAT WOULD PROVIDE A MEANS OF FINANCING EXPENDITURES FOR

THE TREASURY THAT DIDN'T EXIST BEFORE; THAT IS, THE TREASURY CAN IN EFFECT SPEND. LET'S

SAY THERE WERE ANOTHER ONE BILLION $1 COINS, THE TREASURY COULD, IN EFFECT, SPEND --

ON GOODS, SERVICES . . . A BILLION DOLLARS WITHOUT HAVING TO BORROW THE MONEY TO DO

IT. AND THEREFORE, IT WOULD SAVE THE INTEREST COST OF A BILLION DOLLARS OF DEBT THAT

IS AVOIDED IN THE CASE OF A BILLION MORE COINS. "

THE POWER OF SEIGNORAGE WOULD BE AMPLIFIED IN THE CASE OF THE $4 STELLA ; WITH

A PROJECTED PRODUCTION COST OF 28 CENTS, EACH STELLA WOULD RAISE $3.72 AS SEIGNORAGE

DIRECTLY TO THE U.S. TREASURY. WITH THE $13 CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN AND THE LIMITED

EDITION PEACE COIN EACH RAISING $11.78 A COIN ( AT A PROJECTED PRODUCTION COST OF $1.22 ),

THE STAGE WOULD BE SET TO RAISE SEIGNORAGE AT A RATE OVER FOUR HUNDRED TIMES THE

CURRENT SEIGNORAGE YIELD ( WITH A PROJECTED YIELD OF $133,000,000,000 IN 2016 WITH THE

EVEN MODEST USAGE OF THE STELLA AND PEACE COINS ). 133 BILLION DOLLARS IS A SIGNIFICANT

POTENTIAL SEIGNORAGE YIELD WHICH IS FULLY REALIZABLE UNDER THIS PLAN ; WITH THE LIMITED

EDITION PEACE COIN SERIES SET TO RUN THRU 2070, A CONTINUED SEIGNORAGE STREAM ( EVEN AT

STATIC LEVELS ) COULD RAISE A PROJECTED $7.1 TRILLION, OR 40% OF THE CURRENT U.S. DEBT !!

*** THE OTHERS ( OF THE THIRTEEN NATURAL WONDERS OF THE UNITED STATES ) COULD INCLUDE

CARLSBAD CAVERN, DENALI, OLD FAITHFUL, CRATER LAKE, TSE BIT' AI ( WINGED ROCK ), STONE

MOUNTAIN, MATO TIPILA ( THE FIRST DECLARED U.S. NATIONAL MONUMENT ), AND SCORPION ROCK.

THIS NATURAL WONDERS OF AMERICA SERIES COULD BE INAUGURATED IN 2022 WITH THE RELEASE OF

OLD FAITHFUL, ON THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF YELLOWSTONE BECOMING THE FIRST U.S. NATIONAL

PARK IN 1872, WITH A NEW COIN FROM THE SERIES RELEASED EVERY FOUR YEARS UNTIL 2070. WITH

CONCURRENT PRODUCTION OF THE CHIEF SEATTLE PEACE COIN, THE LIMITED EDITION PEACE COIN

SERIES COULD BE EXPANDED IN FUTURE YEARS TO INCLUDE GREAT AMERICAN MUSICIANS WHO

REDEFINED THEIR INSTRUMENT ( SUCH AS BILLIE HOLIDAY, JOHN COLTRANE, AND ELLA FITZGERALD ),

NOTABLE AMERICAN ACTORS AND ACTRESSES ( SUCH AS BUSTER KEATON, KATHARINE HEPBURN, JANET

GAYNOR, AND HUMPHREY BOGART ), AS WELL AS DANCERS AND CHOREOGRAPHERS ( FRED ASTAIRE,

MARTHA GRAHAM, AND MERCE CUNNINGHAM ). WITH PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE, PEACE COINS COULD

ALSO HONOR GREAT AMERICAN ENTERTAINERS ( ELVIS PRESLEY, MARILYN MONROE, FRANK SINATRA,

AND MICHAEL JACKSON ) AND NOVELISTS ( F. SCOTT FITZGERALD, ERNEST HEMINGWAY, HARPER LEE,

AND FRANK HERBERT ). A LINK TO A PROPOSED SCHEDULE ( THRU 2070 ) OF THE LIMITED EDITION

PEACE COINS MAY BE FOUND HERE.

**** " EARLY REMINISCENCES NUMBER TEN, SCRAPS FROM A DIARY " HENRY A. SMITH

( SEATTLE SUNDAY STAR, 29 OCTOBER 1887 )